Phosphatidic Acid is an acid form of phosphatidat. It is one of the major constituents of cell membranes. Its chemical formula is C5H9O8P and Mol.mass is 228.094. Structurally it consists of a glycerol backbone with a saturated fatty acid, which is bonded to carbon-1, an unsaturated fatty acid bonded to carbon-2, and a phosphate group bonded to carbon-3. Phosphatidic acid is used in many medicines because it plays very important roles in cells; it is a precursor for the biosynthesis of many lipids, and its physical properties influence membrane curvature. Research also shows that Phosphatidic acid recruits cytosolic proteins to appropriate membranes by acting as a signaling lipid.

Phosphatidylethanolamine, also called Cephalin, is the second most abundant phospholipid in animal and plant lipids. It occurs especially in blood plasma and the white matter of the central nervous system. It is found in all tissues, and is helpful in converting free serine into choline, increasing the levels of acetylcholine and energizing cholinergic pathways. This provides the advantage of producing an increase in memory retrieval efficiency while improving balance and coordination. Phosphatidylethanolamine is a key building block of membrane bilayers as it is often the main lipid component of microbial membranes and can amount to 20% of liver phospholipids and as much as 45% of brain phospholipids.

Phosphatidylinositol is a negatively charged phospholipid which is made up of glycerol fatty acids. It is considered to be the most acidic of all phospholipids. It is sometimes abbreviated as PtdIns or PI. It plays an important role in the metabolic process of animals and plants. It is known to boost brain function in human. Phosphatidylinositol is most abundant in the brain tissues. It acts like a transporter that helps in the transfer of nutrients and energy in the cell membranes. It also helps in the transmission of signals by the neurotransmitters and hormones. It helps in regulating the serotonin and insulin levels. Phosphatidylinositol aids in reducing blood cholesterol and blood sugar levels. It also promotes the break down of fats. Phosphatidylinositol improves brain function by enhancing the memory, focus and concentration. It can help in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorders.

Soy Phospholipids & Glycosides- Soy extracts naturally contain phospholipids and glycosides; the former are compounds in which a lipid (fat) molecule has a phosphate group bonded to one of the carbons. Phospholipids form an essential structural component in the cells by constituting the cell membrane. Soy phospholipids are used in making liposomes , which are basically vesicles enclosing a space surrounded by a membrane similar to the cell membrane. Liposomes find many uses from nanocosmetology to targeted drug delivery to organs. The benefits of soy glycosides are a subject of active scientific research, they are ostensibly believed to promote bone formation, inhibit certain hormone related cancers by having estrogenic and anti estrogenic effects, etc.

Vitamin C is L-ascorbic acid, or the active component of Vitamin C. Ascorbate, which is an ion of the ascorbic acid, is required for many metabolic reactions and is manufactured internally by most organisms, except humans. It is an essential nutrient and needs to be provided through nutrition. While oranges were traditionally deemed a good source of Vitamin C, the amount provided by an orange is dwarfed by the amount provided by the kakadu plum the richest Vitamin C plant resource of the world. Other notable sources are red peppers, parsley, Kiwifruit, Guava, Broccoli, Camu Camu, rose hip, Jujube, papaya, strawberries, lemon, melon and similar. Vitamin C is essential for tyrosine, carnitine and collagen synthesis, is the most widely available antioxidant and furthermore is vital for blood vessels, cartilage and scar tissue.