Calcium, is a supple gray alkaline earth metal, which is the fifth most abundant element by mass in the Earth's crust. Calcium is also at the fifth most profuse dissolved ion in seawater by both molarities and mass. Calcium is a significant nutrient that we require in our bodies. It has many imperative functions. It helps getting strong teeth and bones and is involved in muscle contractions and blood clotting, The calcium is mainly stored in our teeth and bones. Low calcium level may lead to the bone fractures and in some cases porous bones or osteoporosis, generally in old age. The intake of calcium can drop down the high blood pressure, maintain your heart functions, avert gum disease, prevent colon and rectum cancer, and help blood to clot.

Calcium Caseinate is a slow digesting protein supplement derived from fresh skim milk. It contains higher level of glutamic acid than whey and soy and because it is slow to digest, it helps other proteins become digestible, allowing the body to absorb more amino acids and peptides. Calcium Caseinate is rich in calcium, proteins and amino acids. Calcium Caseinate is a supplement usually taken by body builders and other athletes before bedtime, with breakfast or after workout. Studies show that when Calcium Caseinate was administered to some bodybuilders, the strength gains were twice as much as when they were given whey proteins. This is because the slow digestion of Calcium Caseinate causes a sustained release of amino acids that prevents the breakdown of muscle tissues.

Egg Protein- Back in the early days, albumen, or egg white, has been used as the main protein source for athletic requirements, such as bulking up on muscle. While other meat was also used, the ease of ingestion as well as the wide availability made it a popular supplement. In time, biotin deficiency and the danger of egg allergies, as well as Salmonella contamination forced the athletes to either cook the eggs, until the fat and cholesterol issue became known. Although chicken eggs provide all essential amino acids for humans, plus Vitamin A, Vitamin B6 and B12, folic acid, riboflavin, and minerals iron, calcium, potassium and phosphorus, the current egg protein supplements contain only the egg whites, purified and no egg yolk, reducing the calorie and cholesterol count significantly.

Flax Seed Oil is derived from a blue flowering plant grown in western Canadian Prairies. It is especially grown for the oil rich seeds because the oil, also known as Linseed oil is recommended for well being by experts. The oil is considered very effective for the nutrition of the entire body. Being a great source of omega-3 fatty acids, flaxseed oil is required for the smooth functioning of almost every body system. Besides omega-3, this oil also contains essential fatty acids like omega-6, magnesium, B vitamins, zinc, protein, fiber and omega-9. According to experts, this oil can be taken as an essential supplement for promoting good health. It is as good as taking multi vitamins. Its natural properties can benefit every part such as the immune system, nervous system, circulatory system and joints.

Hydrolyzed Whey Protein is commonly used in infant formula and medicinal protein supplements, particularly weight building protein supplements. It is made up of shorter chains that make it more easily absorbed by the stomach into the blood stream. This increases the protein synthesis and stops the degradation of protein. It is easily absorbed that is why it does not cause stomach upset and nausea. It also helps in the development of muscle mass. Hydrolyzed Whey Protein also increases the energy and endurance that allows for longer and more repetitive exercise. It also helps regulate blood pressure and blood cholesterol level that helps maintain the cardiovascular health.

L-Phenylalanine is one of the two forms of the essential amino acid phenylalanine. L-phenylalanine is naturally occurring while its isomer, D-phenylalanine is produced in artificially and may act differently in the body. The body converts this amino acid into another essential amino acid, L-tyrosine, which in turn becomes dopamine, epinephrine or norepinephrine. Because of its conversion to the three neurotransmitters, scientists hypothesize that phenylalanine can aid in treating depression. However, researches about this hypothesis were done in the 1970s and 1980s such that rigorous and strict scientific process was not followed thoroughly. Therefore, L-phenylalanine’s effect on depression is yet to be investigated further. Aside from being an indirect precursor to the catecholamines and dopamine, it is the antecedent of the neuromodulator phenylethylamine. Phenylethylamine affects the appetite, making it a commonly used appetite suppressant.

L-Taurine , a semi-essential amino acid found in the heart muscle, central nervous system, white blood cells, and skeletal muscle, may not be as popular as other types of aminos such as glutamine, but is extremely crucial. It is also vital for metabolism. While taurine is made in adults’ bodies, newborns cannot make it. If the body fails to produce it in sufficient quantities, it is possible to correct this deficiency by using L-Taurine supplements. You are likely to get enough taurine if you are a meat eater since it is found in abundance in eggs, meats, fish proteins, and dairy products. Generally, vegetarians and women of all ages are at a greater risk of developing a L-Taurine deficiency. It is possible to treat depression, low sperm count, low sperm motility, high blood pressure, and cirrhosis using this supplement.

Potassium- Potassium is one of the essential minerals required for proper physiological functioning of the body. It plays an important role in the regulation of heart muscles. It helps to convert glucose to glycogen. Glycogen is essential for muscle formation. Potassium also helps to propagate nerve impulses by exchanging ion within cells and also helps in muscle contractions. It helps in balancing blood pressure. It controls the proper functioning of kidney. An average adult needs 3-5 gm of potassium daily. Due to deficiency of potassium, body observes tiredness. Other deficiency symptoms are weakness of muscles, low blood pressure, vomiting, poor kidney functions and Heart arrhythmias. Severe potassium shortages quickly direct to electrolyte disproportion which involves malfunctioning of nerves, kidney and heart.

Sodium is the element that has the atomic number 11 in the periodic table and is commonly known as the main component in the table salt, together with chloride. Interestingly enough, it is probably the one dietary component which does require limitation rather than supplementation, since that average daily nutritional requirement is around half a gram per day. This most popular food seasoning, salt, is providing the most common source of sodium and chloride in human diets, but is generally overused and may cause health problems, such as high blood pressure, if consumed overly generously. The suggested dose of table salt, or rather the upper limit portion, would be somewhat less than 6 gram per day, according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, referenced by FDA. In the UK this limit is set at four grams per day.

Sodium Chloride, or table salt, is the most basic yet most important mineral compound for the body. It is composed of the two ions, Na+ and Cl-, majorly needed by the body for proper functioning. One gram (or 1000 mg) of table salt is composed of 400 mg of sodium and the remaining is chloride ion. Sodium is the major cation in the extracellular fluid responsible for maintaining fluid and acid-base balance. It also plays a part in the irritability and excitability of nerves throughout the body. About 5 grams of sodium is sufficient for daily nutrient requirements. Sodium deficiency may happen with continued vomiting and diarrhea as well as with excessive sweating during hot days or work outs. This may result to hypovolemia that could bring about vascular collapse, dehydration and muscular cramps. Excess in sodium is unlikely to happen in healthy individuals because there are means of the body to regulate its serum levels. On the other hand, Chlorine, is the major anion in the extracellular fluid. It always functions in combination with sodium in maintaining fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance in the body. It is also a component in the gastric acid that activates pepsinogen into pepsin for protein digestion. Excess in chloride is very rare but deficiencies may happen with excessive vomiting and/or diarrhea. In such occurrence, alkolosis may occur and this may require medical attention. Chlorine is considered adequate in the human body as long as sodium and potassium levels are also in normal levels. In cases with continued and/or excessive vomiting, diarrhea, perspiration or any other fluid loss, drinking plain water would not address the electrolyte losses of the body. Sports drink like Gatorade™ or other electrolyte drink would replenish the lost fluid and electrolytes.